1. Improper selection on cultivation site: It is necessary for growers to keep cultivation site away from dark, poorly-ventilated or unsanitary place so as to eliminate sundry fungus contamination which dramatically affects the growth of Shiitake. And growers could set up cultviation site in the place where holds good ventilation and scattered light, and be sure to keep it clean and firmly grasp at measures of disinfection. For newly-built mushroom site, growers could brush the walls with lime water. It is also advisable to scatter quick lime on the ground and clean it out of the site the next day. And for old mushroom houses, grower could carry out the disinfection and fumigation with Potassium permanganate and Formalin. Lastlty, regarding mushroom house that was once invaded by pests, growers could firstly spray pesticides before the disinfection.
2. Improper selection on compost or unsuitable preparation: Substrate prepared by contaminated or caky raw materials easily leads to large-area contamination or dim spawn-running. And when preparing the substrate, be sure not to add excess urea and other Nitrogen fertilizers as they are easy to decompose and release oxygen after the inoculation, which poisons mycelia and affects normal spawn running. In a word, it is of crucial importance to select clean and fresh raw materials and strictly implement the disinfection. When mixing materials, be sure not to randomly blend with chemical fertilizers. Only in the case of heap fermentation of Shiitake growing will you add moderate urea to supply Nitrogen source. Meanwhile, during the course of material preparation, pay special attention to the humidity and PH Value of compost so as to promote good spawn running.
3. Improper selection on strain: Choose proper type of strain in separate seasons and give up aged or contaminated ones, or they result in slow and late spawn running or unsatisfactory fruiting.
4. Improper management: Under natural temperature condition, management kernels during the fruiting period of Shiitake refer to illumination, moisture and ventilation. In mushroom house, insufficient illumination results in slow fruiting, and hence growers could supplement it with electric light so as to induce the fruiting. In addition, air humidity is another key condition during the fruiting phase, in order to raise the humidity, some growers blindly spray water directly on mushroom bodies, as a result, mushrooms are suffocated while grown-up mushrooms turn rotten and black. Therefore, during the fruiting period, it is proper to spray water into the air, and enhance the ventilation so as to avoid malformed mushrooms caused by excess accumulation of carbon dioxide. Last but not the least, be sure to master appropriate picking method to obtain final output.
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