Symptom: in initial stage, white circular granules will appear in mushroom tubes or beds, which present stiff in character and shapes like “Button”. In later stage, they will become brown, uneven on surface and are in individual sizes. Infected mushroom tubes and substrates will become loose and have bad smell. Spawns of mushroom become regressive, primordium and young mushrooms that have formed will become rotten.
Occurrence condition: the growth temperature on spawns of “white knots” is from 15 to 40 degrees, the most suitable relative air humidity is 80%, PH Value of substrate is 5.5 to 5.8. Temperature is the key factor that results in “white knots”. When the temperature is between 30 and 40 degrees, spawns will have a robust growth, mushroom tubes will be in high quality and have strong stress resistance. The occurrence probability of “white knots” will be low or zero.
Control measure:
1. Strain selection: change varieties, choose strains which are superior, have strong stress resistance and right age to enhance disease resistance. Practice has proven that occurrence probability of disease will he high when cultivating the same variety all the time and in the same place. It is best to change varieties every year, especially choose varieties that with high disease resistance and lay solid foundation for bumper harvesting.
2. Cultivation requirements: people should make scientific preparation of compost, which can bring rich and balanced nutrition in compost. The water moisture and PH Value should be moderate and sterilization should be thorough to guarantee quality.
3. Temperature regulation: people should regulate temperature of greenhouse moderately. People should control the temperature of mushroom greenhouse in 20 to 25 degrees. When fruiting, it is best to control the temperature in below 15 degrees. Mushroom bags should be placed correctly to prevent “Burn fungus”.
In recent years, in most cases, the method of wall type stereoscopic earthing is used in the fruiting of Oyster mushroom. This method is easy to manage, has high yield and convenient water replenishing, but disadvantages are not easy to dissipate in temperature and easy to cause “Burn fungus”. when adopting the fruiting method of earthing, people should make strict sterilization to soil and avoid mud. Excessive water replenishing will lead to lack of oxygen of spawns, thin, delicate spawns and poor disease-resistance.
4. Integrated control and eliminate source: people can spray 1000 times of Kemeiling solution in initial stage of disease, the dosage is 200ml per square meter. The solution of Caustic soda can be sprayed every ten days, which can not only sterilize effectively, but also can clear away acidic material in mushroom greenhouse, get robust spawns and strong disease-resistance. Before fruiting, people should spray 0.1% of Carbendazim on mushroom house, after harvesting each flush mushroom, people should spray 0.1% of Carbendazim again on surface, space and wall. During the fruiting period, people should keep clean of mushroom house and clean mushroom feet timely to eliminate the hidden danger. What’s more, people should also burn infected mushroom tubes, wastes should be cleaned timely, mushroom house should be sterilized timely. People could use caustic soda, lime water to spray, brush and use sulphur to fumigate.
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